TP316Ti Stainless Steel Heat Exchanger Tube SS Seamless Pipes UNS S31635 WNR 1.4571
316Ti (UNS S31635) is a titanium stabilised version of 316 molybdenum-bearing austenitic stainless steel. The 316 alloys are more resistant to general corrosion and pitting/crevice corrosion than the conventional chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steels such as 304. They also offer higher creep, stress-rupture and tensile strength at elevated temperature. High carbon Alloy 316 stainless steel can be susceptible to sensitisation, the formation of grain boundary chromium carbides at temperatures between approximately 900 and 1500°F (425 to 815°C) which can result in intergranular corrosion. Resistance to sensitisation is achieved in Alloy 316Ti with titanium additions to stabilise the structure against chromium carbide precipitation, which is the source of sensitisation. This stabilisation is achieved by an intermediate temperature heat treatment, during which the titanium reacts with carbon to form titanium carbides. This significantly reduces susceptibility to sensitisation in service by limiting the formation of chromium carbides. Thus, the alloy can be used for extended periods at elevated temperatures without compromising its corrosion resistance. 316Ti has equvilent corrosion resistance to sensitisation as the low carbon version 316L.
Testings (Destructive, Non Destructive):
Positive Material Identification - PMI Testing
Chemical Analysis - Spectro Analysis
Mechanical Testing Such as Tensile, Elongation, Reduction of Area
Micro Test
Macro Test
Hardness Test
Pitting Resistance Test
Intergranular Corrosion (IGC) Test
Flaring Test
Flattening Test
Hydrostatic Test
Hydrogen-Induced Cracking (HIC) Test, NACE TM0284
Sulfide Stress Corrosion Cracking (SSC), NACE TM 0177
Radiography Test
Dye Penetrant Test (DP Test)
Ultra Sonic Test (UT)
Eddy Current Testing
Impact Test
Bend Test
Mechanical Properties:
| Temper | Annealed | |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Rm | 75 | ksi (min) |
| Tensile Rm | 515 | MPa (min) |
| R.p. 0.2% Yield | 30 | ksi (min) |
| R.p. 0.2% Yield | 205 | MPa (min) |
| Elongation (2” or 4D gl) | 35 | % (min) |
Physical Properties (Room Temperature):
| Specific Heat (0-100°C) | 500 | J.kg-1.°K-1 |
| Thermal Conductivity | 14.6 | W.m -1.°K-1 |
| Thermal Expansion | 16.5 | mm/m/°C |
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