However, the amount of hydrogen necessary is high (from 2 to 7% by weight per weight of pyrolysis oil) and has a major impact on the cost of the treatment of theses pyrolysis oils (approximately ⅓ of the cost price of the fuel bases produced) and on the life cycle analysis (LCA), which is a tool for evaluating the impacts of a system, in this instance the biofuel, on the environment, including all of the activities from the extraction of the starting materials up to the management of the final disposal of the waste. Thus, as regards the biofuel produced from the pyrolysis oil, it is estimated that ⅔ of the total fossil emissions are due to the production of the hydrogen necessary for the hydrodeoxygenation of the pyrolysis oil. In point of fact, an excessively high consumption of hydrogen during the HDO may be totally unacceptable for regarding the fuel bases produced as biofuel according to the criteria of sustainability established by European directives, such as Directive 2009/28/EC, which specifies that, from 2013, the reduction in the emissions of greenhouse gases resulting from the use of biofuels must be at least 35% with respect to fossil fuels. This reduction must be at least 50% from 2017. There thus exists a great need to reduce impact of the consumption of hydrogen during the treatment of pyrolysis oils for the purpose of producing fuel.
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